Good nutrition for daily diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the endocrine system associated with a lack of insulin in the body.

As a result, the glucose content in the blood increases, which leads to metabolic disorders and progressive damage to almost all functional systems of the human body. The disease is divided into type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Today, nutritional and dietary issues related to diabetes mellitus of any type are an extremely serious subject that is raised by every patient after being diagnosed with the disease.

In general, adequate nutrition in diabetes should be observed every day, because without a diet a person's health deteriorates.

Tips to lower your blood sugar

Diet is essential for people with all types of diabetes, but dietary guidelines differ for type I and type II diabetes. In the latter case, dietary reduction of excess body weight may be the only therapeutic measure.

The type of diabetes mellitus is determined by the endocrinologist who is treating you.

1. In type 1 diabetes: good nutrition is a necessary basis for insulin therapy. If you do not pay attention to it, all efforts to lower blood sugar will be in vain: this indicator does not stabilize, which affects the condition of the vessels of all organs and systems.
2. Type 2 diabetes: does not always require drug treatment. First of all, the patient is recommended a diet that will help reduce weight. With good dynamics, in this case, drugs may not be necessary at all.

General tips to help lower blood sugar:

1. Cut down on soft drinks, lemonade and fruit juices. With regular consumption of sugary drinks, the risk of developing diabetes increases by about 15%. When drinking tea and coffee, reduce the amount of cream and sweeteners.
2. Try to choose unsweetened foods like unsweetened iced tea, yogurt, or unsweetened oatmeal. You can sweeten your food as you like. You will likely add significantly less sugar to your food than the manufacturer.
3. Substitute your favorite candies for healthier foods. Instead of ice cream, mash frozen bananas and beat the mixture with a blender for a great dessert. Instead of your favorite milk chocolate, you better eat a piece of dark chocolate.

Dieting for mild diabetes is especially important as it is practically the main treatment.

Diet differences for type 1 and type 2 diabetes

For patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, a low-calorie diet (25-30 kcal per 1 kg of body weight) is necessary, which prevents late complications of the disease. In this case, the diet is extremely important, it should be strictly observed. The main thing to look for when composing a diet is the balance of protein, fat, and carbohydrate.

Patients with type 2 diabetes are prescribed a low-calorie diet (daily energy value of food from 1600 to 1800 kcal). With such a diet, patients should lose around 300-400g of body weight per week. In the presence of a strong overweight, the daily amount of calories is reduced depending on the percentage of excess body weight to 15-17 kcal per 1 kg.

Basics of Nutrition

In each individual case, the doctor prescribes a special diet for a patient with diabetes mellitus, which should be observed in order to maintain a normal body.

When you start to eat well, follow these simple rules every day:

1. It is necessary to take food 5-6 times in small portions (every 2-3 hours) during the day.
2. The ratio of proteins, carbohydrates and fat must be balanced.
3. The amount of calories from food should equal the patient's energy consumption.
4. A person should receive adequate nutrition: certain vegetables and fruits, cereals, diet meats and fish, natural fruit juices without added sugar, dairy products, soups.

The food of a diabetic patient should be rich in vitamins, so it is useful to introduce vitamin carriers into the diet: baker's yeast, brewer's yeast, rosehip decoction, SPP, food supplements.

Nutritional rules for daily diabetes mellitus

The following foods can be eaten with diabetes:

1. Bread - up to 200 grams per day, mainly black or special diabetic.
2. Cooking soups with vegetable broth, the use of weak meat and fish broths is allowed 1-2 times a week.
3. Meat and poultry dishes. With diabetes mellitus, it is allowed to eat boiled beef, chicken and rabbit meat.
4. Vegetables and herbs. It is recommended to consume potatoes, beets, carrots not more than 200 grams per day. But other vegetables (cabbage, lettuce, radish, cucumbers, zucchini, tomatoes) and greens (except for spicy ones) can be eaten with virtually no restrictions in raw and boiled form, and sometimes baked in the oven.
5. Grains, legumes and pasta should not be eaten often. If you decide to eat a plate of spaghetti, then refuse bread and other carbohydrate foods and dishes that day.

6. Eggs cannot be eaten more than 2 pieces per day, adding them to other dishes, boiled or as an omelet.
7. Fruits and berries of sour and sweet and sour varieties (Antonovka apples, oranges, lemons, cranberries, red currants. . . ) - up to 200-300 grams per day.
8. Milk - with the permission of a doctor, kefir, yogurt (only 1-2 glasses per day), cottage cheese (50-200 grams per day) in natural form or in the form of curds, cheesecakes andpuddings.
9. Cottage cheese is recommended for daily consumption, up to 100-200 grams per day in natural form or in the form of curds, cheesecakes, puddings, casseroles. Cottage cheese, as well as oat and buckwheat porridge, bran and rose hips improve fat metabolism and normalize liver function, prevent fatty changes in the liver.
10. Milk tea, weak coffee, tomato juice, fruit and berry juice (total liquid with soup up to 5 glasses per day).

Plan your menu carefully each day and only use foods that are healthy and necessary in your case.

Prohibited products

The diet of diabetic patients should be considered, first of all, people diagnosed with this disease should refuse such products:

1. Sweets, chocolate, confectionery, bakery products, jam, honey, ice cream and other sweets;
2. Spicy, spicy, salty and smoked snacks and dishes, lamb and pork fat;
3. Pepper, mustard;
4. Alcoholic beverages;
5. Grapes, bananas, raisins;
6. Sugar is only allowed in small amounts with a doctor's permission.

All foods for diabetes should be eaten on a schedule and to control blood sugar the daily menu should contain fiber.

Sample menu for the day

When on a diet for type 2 diabetes, you can stick to a simple menu, alternating foods that are allowed.

Example n ° 1

1. Breakfast - oatmeal porridge, egg. Bread. Coffee.
2. Snack - natural yogurt with berries.
3. Lunch - vegetable soup, chicken breast with salad (beetroot, onion and olive oil) and cooked cabbage. Bread. Compote.
4. Afternoon snack - low fat cottage cheese. Tea.
5. Dinner - hake cooked in sour cream, salad of vegetables (cucumbers, tomatoes, herbs or any other seasonal vegetable) with vegetable oil. Bread. Cocoa.
6. Second dinner (a few hours before bedtime) - plain yogurt, baked apple.

Example n ° 2

1. Breakfast: cottage cheese 150 gr, buckwheat or oatmeal 150 gr, black bread, unsweetened tea.
2. Second breakfast: unsweetened compote 250 ml.
3. Lunch: chicken broth 250 gr, boiled lean meat 75 gr, cooked cabbage - 100 gr, jelly without sugar - 100 gr, bread, mineral water 250 ml.
4. Afternoon snack - apple 1 pc.
5. Dinner: cooked vegetables 150 gr, meatballs 100 gr, cabbage cutlet - 200 gr, bread, unsweetened rosehip broth.
6. Second supper: drinkable yogurt - 250 ml.

Example n ° 3

1. Breakfast: carrot-apple salad - 100 g, low-fat milk cottage cheese - 150 g Bran bread - 50 g Sugar-free tea - 1 glass. Second breakfast: mineral water - 1 glass, apple.
2. Lunch: vegetable soy soup - 200 g, meat goulash - 150 g, vegetable caviar - 50 g. Rye bread - 50 g. Xylitol tea - 1 glass.
3. Afternoon snack: fruit salad - 100 g. Tea without sugar - 1 glass.
4. Dinner: fish schnitzel - 150 g, millet milk porridge - 150 g. Bran bread - 50 g Tea without sugar - 1 glass. Second supper: kefir - 1 glass.

Remember:a person with diabetes should not be hungry. You have to eat at the same time, but if a slight hunger occurs between the main meals, you should definitely smother it with a cup of tea or vegetables. But it should only be a light snack - overeating is dangerous for a diabetic.